The modal verbs shall and will usually combine the meanings with that of futurity.
I will give you this money.
Я охотно дам тебе эти деньги.
You shan't be without notes.
Не останешься ты без конспектов.
The modal verbs shall and will can be regarded as modal verbs when they are used not according to the general rules. That is, when they are used with a wrong person or in adverbial clauses of time and condition where no future tenses can be used.
The modal verb will
The modal verb will can express:
Wish or resolution to perform an action.
If you will come to my place, I will show you my books.
Если вы пожелаете зайти ко мне, я обязательно покажу вам свои книги.Obstinacy in performing an action in the present (will loses its meaning of future here).
I ask her not to call me this name but she will do it.
Я просил ее не звонить мне, но она продолжает это делать.
The modal verb would
There are several models where would is used as a modal verb:
In negative sentences in the Indicative mood would can be used as a modal verb expressing wish not to perform an action in the past.
He would not answer my questions.
Он упорно не желал отвечать на мои вопросы.In conditional sentences in the Subjunctive mood would can be used as a modal verb expressing wish or resolution to perform an action when it is used not according to the general rules. That is in the subordinate clause or in the principal close with the first person.
If you would come to my place I would show my books.
Если ты придешь ко мне, я обязательно покажу тебе мои книги.If the Soviets would give the necessary diplomatic privilege to Mr. L, we would do the same for Litvinov.
Если бы советы дали бы необходимые дипломатические привелегии господину L, мы бы обязательно сделали то же самое для Литвинова.The modal verb would can be used in the Indicative mood to express obstinacy in performing an action in the past.
I asked her not to bang the door but she would do it.
Я просил ее не хлопать дверью, но она все равно делает это.Note: With lifeless things this would expresses impossibility to perform an action with object.
The door would not open.
Дверь никак не открывалась.
The modal verb shall
The modal verb shall can be regarded as a modal verb when it is used not according to the general rules. That is with the wrong person (with the second or third) or in adverbial clauses of time and condition.
The modal verb shall expresses moral obligation and is often used in emotional disputes.
- Get up, little one. It's time to go to school.
- I won't go to school.
- You shall go.
- Вставай малыш. Пора идти в школу.
- Но я совсем не хочу идти в школу.
- Ты должен идти.- We won't take part in this war, sir.
- You shall, or you will be hanged.
- Мы совсем не хотим участвовать в этой войне, сир.
- Вы должны или будете повешены.The modal verb shall is also regarded as a modal verb expressing obligations in questions addressed to the first person because such questions are unlikely to be regarded as normal questions in the Future Indefinite.
Shall I give you his telephone number?
Дать тебе его телефонный номер?The modal verb shall with the II and III person can also express promise.
You shall have a fine dress, Cinderella, you shall go to the ball.
У тебя будет красивое платье, ты поедешь на бал.